Accounts from Incomplete Records - TN State Board 12th Accountancy Book Back Solution Guide

Chapter 1 Accounts from incomplete records

I. Choose the correct answer


1. Incomplete records are generally maintained by

(a) A company (b) Government

(c) Small sized sole trader business (d) Multinational enterprises

Answer: (c) Small Sized sole trader business

2. Statement of affairs is a

(a) Statement of income and expenditure (b) Statement of assets and liabilities

(c) Summary of cash transactions (d) Summary of credit transactions

Answer: (b) Statement of assets and liabilities

 3. Opening statement of affairs is usually prepared to find out the

(a) Capital in the beginning of the year (b) Capital at the end of the year

(c) Profit made during the year (d) Loss occurred during the year

Answer: (a) Capital in the beginning of the year

4. The excess of assets over liabilities is

(a) Loss (b) Cash (c) Capital (d) Profit

Answer: (c) Capital

5. Which of the following items relating to bills payable is transferred to total creditors account?

(a) Opening balance of bills payable (b) Closing balance of bills payable

(c) Bills payable accepted during the year (d) Cash paid for bills payable

Answer: (c) Bills payable accepted during the year

6. The amount of credit sales can be computed from

(a) Total debtors account (b) Total creditors account

(c) Bills receivable account (d) Bills payable account

Answer: (a) Total debtors account

7. Which one of the following statements is not true in relation to incomplete records?

         (a)    It is an unscientific method of recording transactions

(b)   Records are maintained only for cash and personal accounts

(c) It is suitable for all types of organisations

(d) Tax authorities do not accept

Answer: (c) It is suitable for all types of organisations

8. What is the amount of capital of the proprietor, if his assets are ₹85,000 and liabilities are ₹21,000?

        (a) ₹ 85,000 (b) ₹ 1,06,000 (c) ₹ 21,000 (d) ₹ 64,000

Answer: (d) ₹64,000

9. When capital in the beginning is ₹10,000, drawings during the year are ₹6,000, profit made during the year is ₹2,000 and the additional capital introduced is ₹3,000, find out the amount of capital at the end.

        (a) ₹ 9,000 (b) ₹ 11,000 (c) ₹ 21,000 (d) ₹ 3,000

Answer: (a) ₹9,000

10. Opening balance of debtors: ₹ 30,000, cash received: ₹ 1,00,000, credit sales: ₹ 90,000; closing balance of debtors is

        (a) ₹ 30,000 b) ₹ 1,30,000 c) ₹ 40,000 d) ₹ 20,000

Answer: (d) ₹20,000

 

II Very short answer questions

12th Standard Chapter 1 Question No.1

What is meant by incomplete records? 

Answer:

      When accounting records are not strictly maintained according to double entry system, these records are called incomplete accounting records.

      Generally, cash account and the personal accounts of customers and creditors are maintained fully and other accounts are maintained based on necessity. 

12th Standard Chapter 1 Question No.2

State the accounts generally maintained by small sized sole trader when double entry accounting system is not followed.

 Answer:

            Only cash account and personal accounts are maintained by small sized sole trader when double entry accounting system is not followed.

12th Standard Chapter 1 Question No.3

What is a statement of affairs?    

Answer:

            A statement of affairs is a statement showing the balances of assets and liabilities on a particular date. The balances of assets are shown on the right side and the balances of liabilities on the left side. This statement resembles a balance sheet. The difference between the total of assets and total of liabilities is taken as capital. 

Capital = Assets – Liabilities


III Short answer questions

12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.1

What are the features of incomplete records?

Answer:

Following are the features of incomplete records:

(i) Nature: It is an unscientific and unsystematic way of recording transactions. Accounting principles and accounting standards are not followed properly.

(ii) Type of accounts maintained: In general, only cash and personal accounts are maintained fully. Real accounts and nominal accounts are not maintained properly. Some transactions are completely omitted.

(iii) Lack of uniformity: There is no uniformity in recording the transactions among different organisations. Different organisations record their transactions according to their needs and conveniences.

(iv) Financial statements may not represent true and fair view: Due to the incomplete information and inaccurate records of accounts, the profit or loss calculated from these records cannot be relied upon. It may not represent true profitability. Assets and liabilities may not represent a true and fair view of financial position.

(v) Suitability: Only the business concerns which have no legal obligation to maintain books of accounts under double entry system may maintain incomplete records. Hence, it may be maintained by small sized sole traders and partnership firms.

(vi) Mixing up of personal and business transactions: Generally, personal transactions of the owners are mixed up with the business transactions. For example, purchase of goods for own use may be mixed up along with business purchases.

12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.2

What are the limitations of incomplete records?

Answer:

Following are the limitations of incomplete records:

(i) Lack of proper maintenance of records: It is an unscientific and unsystematic way of maintaining records. Real and nominal accounts are not maintained properly.

(ii) Difficulty in preparing trial balance: As accounts are not maintained for all items, the accounting records are incomplete. Hence, it is difficult to prepare trial balance to check the arithmetical accuracy of the accounts.

(iii) Difficulty in ascertaining true profitability of the business: Profit is found out based on available information and estimates. Hence, it is difficult to ascertain true profit as the trading and profit and loss account cannot be prepared with accuracy.

(iv) Difficulty in ascertaining financial position: In general, only the estimated values of assets and liabilities are available from incomplete records. Hence, it is difficult to ascertain true and fair view of state of affairs or financial position as on a particular date.

(v) Errors and frauds cannot be detected easily: As only partial records are available, it may not be possible to have internal checks in maintaining accounts to detect errors and frauds.

(vi) Unacceptable to government and other authorities: As accounts maintained are incomplete, these may not comply with the legal requirements. Hence, government, tax authorities and other legal authorities do not accept accounts prepared from incomplete records.

12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.3

State the differences between double entry system and incomplete records.

Answer:


















12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.4

State the procedure for calculating profit or loss through statement of affairs.

Answer:

The difference between the closing capital and the opening capital is taken as profit or loss of the business. Due adjustments are to be made for any withdrawal of capital from the business and for the additional capital introduced in the business.

Adjusted closing capital = Closing capital + Drawings – Additional capital

Closing Capital + Drawings – Additional Capital – Opening Capital = Profit/ Loss


12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.5

Differentiate between statement of affairs and balance sheet.


Answer:




12th Standard Chapter 1 Short Answer Question No.6

How is the amount of credit sale ascertained from incomplete records?


Answer:



IV Exercises

12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.1


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.2


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.3


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.4


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.5


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.6


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.7


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.8


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.9


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.10


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.11


Answer:



    Total Sales  =  Cash Sales + Credit Sales
                  =  ₹ 4,60,000 + ₹ 5,40,000
                   = 
₹ 10,00,000

    12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.12


Answer:


    12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.13


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    12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.14


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.15



Answer:




Total Purchases  =  Cash Purchases + Credit Purchases
                             = ₹ 2,25,000 + ₹ 1,55,000
                             = ₹ 3,80,000


    12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.16


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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.17



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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.18




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12th Standard Chapter 1 Exercise No.19



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